@article { author = {Panahi, Rasool and Zahra, Jafari and Abdoreza, Sheibanizade and Masoud, Salehi and Abdoreza, Esteghamati and Sara, Hasani}, title = {The Relationship between the Behavioral Hearing Thresholds and Maximum Bilirubin Levels at Birth in Children with a History of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology}, volume = {25}, number = {3}, pages = {127-134}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)}, issn = {2251-7251}, eissn = {2251-726X}, doi = {10.22038/ijorl.2013.658}, abstract = {Introduction: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is one of the most important factors affecting the auditory system and can cause sensorineural hearing loss. This study investigated the relationship between behavioral hearing thresholds in children with a history of jaundice and the maximum level of bilirubin concentration in the blood.   Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 18 children with a mean age of 5.6 years and with a history of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Behavioral hearing thresholds, transient evoked emissions and brainstem evoked responses were evaluated in all children.   Results: Six children (33.3 %) had normal hearing thresholds and the remaining (66.7 %) had some degree of hearing loss. There was no significant relationship (r= -0.28, P= 0.09) between the mean total bilirubin levels and behavioral hearing thresholds in all samples. A transient evoked emission was seen only in children with normal hearing thresholds however in eight cases brainstem evoked responses had not detected.   Conclusion:  Increased blood levels of bilirubin at the neonatal period were potentially one of the causes of hearing loss. There was a lack of a direct relationship between neonatal bilirubin levels and the average hearing thresholds which emphasizes on the necessity of monitoring the various amounts of bilirubin levels.}, keywords = {Behavioral hearing threshold,Hearing Loss,Hyperbilirubinemia,Neonatal}, url = {https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_658.html}, eprint = {https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_658_8e780c3a3f09ee716c3e2b2f681a7760.pdf} } @article { author = {Zafarullah, Beigh and Mudasir, ul Islam and Shakil, Ahmad and Rafiq Ahmad, Pampori}, title = {Effects of Peritonsillar Injection of Tramadol and Adrenaline before Tonsillectomy;}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology}, volume = {25}, number = {3}, pages = {135-140}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)}, issn = {2251-7251}, eissn = {2251-726X}, doi = {10.22038/ijorl.2013.659}, abstract = {Introduction: Various hemostatic and analgesic agents and techniques have been used to reduce intraoperative and postoperative hemorrhage and pain in tonsillectomy.Aims and objective; The current study aimed to compare the effect of using adrenaline plus tramadol and normal saline in maintaining hemostasis and control of pain in cold dissection tonsillectomy.   Materials and Methods: This prospective randomized study was conducted over a period of 10 months in department of otorhinolaryngology state medical college Srinagar. In the current study 46 patients planed for tonsillectomy were put into two groups. 23 patients in each group. In group A patients (study group) 4ml of solution containing 1:200000 adrenaline and 2mg/kg tramadol was injected in peritonsillar space. In group B patients (control group) 4ml of normal saline was injected in peritonsillar space.   Results: It was found that the time required to achieve heamostasis and post operative pain was less in group A patients in comparison to Group B patients. There was no significant side effect or complications when adrenaline and tramadol were used.   Conclusion:  Large randomized controlled studies are needed to compare tramadol plus adrenaline infiltration with other heamostatic and analgesics, but the current study indicated that Tramadol plus adrenaline infiltration could be an effective method  to reduce the post operative pain , operative time and time to achieve heamostasis in tonsillectomy surgeries. Therefore the use of Tramadol plus adrenaline infiltration should be further promoted and implemented as routine use in tonsillectomy surgeries.}, keywords = {epinephrine,Heamostasis,Pain,Tonsillectomy,Tramadol}, url = {https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_659.html}, eprint = {https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_659_e358149e950d3c87273d949fa6db0735.pdf} } @article { author = {Mahdi, Parvane and Amali, Amin and Pourbakht, Akram and Karimi Yazdi, Alireza and Bassam, Ali}, title = {Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential Produced by Bone-Conducted Stimuli: A Study on its Basics and Clinical Applications in Patients With Conductive and Sensorineural Hearing Loss and a Group With Vestibular Schawannoma}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology}, volume = {25}, number = {3}, pages = {141-146}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)}, issn = {2251-7251}, eissn = {2251-726X}, doi = {10.22038/ijorl.2013.657}, abstract = {Introduction: Vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) has recently been broadly studied in vestibular disorders. As it is evoked by loud sound stimulation, even mild conductive hearing loss may affect VEMP results. Bone-conducted (BC) stimulus is an alternative stimulation for evoking this response. This study aims to assess the characteristics of BC-VEMP in different groups of patients.   Materials and Methods: We performed a cross sectional analysis on 20 healthy volunteers with normal pure-tone audiometry as a control group; and on a group of patients consisted of 20 participants with conductive hearing loss, five with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and four with vestibular schawannoma. AC and BC-VEMP were performed in all participants.   Results: In control group the VEMP responses to both kinds of stimuli had an acceptable morphology and consisted of p13 and n23 waves. Latency value of these main components in each type of stimulus was not significantly different (P>0.05). However, the mean amplitude was larger in BC modality than AC stimulation (P=0.025). In the group with conductive hearing loss, the VEMP response was absent in fifteen (46.87%) of the 32 ears using the AC method, whereas all (100%) displayed positive elicitability of VEMP by BC method. Normal VEMP responses in both stimuli were evoked in all patients with sensorineural hearing loss. In patients with unilateral vestibular schwannomas (VS), 2 (50.00%) had neither AC-VEMP nor BC-VEMP. Conclusion:  Auditory stimuli delivered by bone conduction can evoke VEMP response. These responses are of vestibular origin and can be used in vestibular evaluation of patients with conductive hearing loss.}, keywords = {Bone Conduction,vestibular,VEMP}, url = {https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_657.html}, eprint = {https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_657_f909665c763faa6592cc161bcd8bc8de.pdf} } @article { author = {Gandomi, Behrooz and Arzaghi, Mohammad Hosein and Khademi, Bijan and Rafatbakhsh, Mohammad}, title = {Endoscopic Cauterization of the Sphenopalatine Artery to Control Severe and Recurrent Posterior Epistaxis}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology}, volume = {25}, number = {3}, pages = {147-152}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)}, issn = {2251-7251}, eissn = {2251-726X}, doi = {10.22038/ijorl.2013.662}, abstract = {Introduction: Epistaxis is one of the most common medical emergencies, making the management of posterior epistaxis a challenging problem for the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) surgeon. In the cases of conservative management failure, ligation of the major arteries or percutaneous embolization of the maxillary artery is performed routinely in most units, but rates of failure and complications are high.The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of endoscopic sphenopalatine artery (SPA) cauterization in patients with refractory posterior epistaxis.   Materials and Methods: Between April 2011 and January 2012, 27 patients (15 males and 12 females) with refractory posterior epistaxis underwent endoscopic SPA cauterization in two tertiary referral hospitals in Shiraz. Three patients underwent bilateral cauterization.   Results: Four patients (from 30 arteries) had new epistaxis after surgery, three experienced subsequent epistaxis requiring medical treatment, and one patient had a minor epistaxis not needing treatment.   Conclusion:  The SPA electrocoagulation technique seems to be safe, simple, fast, and effective with low rates of morbidity and complications for the management of refractory posterior epistaxis. Endoscopic SPA cauterization should be considered as an immediate second-line management when conservative treatment as first-line management fails. }, keywords = {Epistaxis,Endoscopic sphenopalatine artery cauterization,SPA electrocoagulation technique}, url = {https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_662.html}, eprint = {https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_662_7b38e010481b31c210b0582929956b6d.pdf} } @article { author = {Nemati, Shadman and Naghavi, Ebrahim and Kazemnejad, Ehsan and Aghajanpour, Mohammad and Abdollahi, Omid}, title = {Middle Ear Exploration Results in Suspected Otosclerosis Cases Referred to Amir-Almomenin and Golsar Hospitals, Rasht, 2001-2011: Are Ossicular and Footplate Area Anomalies Rare?}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology}, volume = {25}, number = {3}, pages = {155-159}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)}, issn = {2251-7251}, eissn = {2251-726X}, doi = {10.22038/ijorl.2013.660}, abstract = {Introduction: Otosclerosis is a disease of bony labyrinth. Structural changes in the labyrinth often cause ossicular fixation, and thus conductive hearing loss. The purpose of this study was to evaluate middle ear exploration findings and frequency of ossicular and footplate area anomalies in patients with suspected otosclerosis referred to Amiralmomenin and Golsar Hospitals in Rasht, Iran.   Materials and Methods: In 47 patients undergone middle ear exploration in Amiralmomenin and Golsar hospitals from April 2001 to March 2011, the intraoperative findings, and other data were extracted from the medical records of the patients. The data was analyzed using SPSS 17 software.   Results: Frequency of fixation of stapes, malleus, and incus by age and sex in patients undergoing middle ear exploration showed that stapes had been fixed in 39 patients, malleus in 6 patients, and incus in 21 patients. Analysis of data showed that there was no significant association between sex and age with fixation of any of ossicles (P>0/05). Middle ear anomalies were seen in 16 cases (34.0%). Overhanging of facial nerve in 4 cases, thick stapedial crura in 5 cases, and perilymph gusher in 2 cases were the most frequent anomalies.   Conclusion:  This study show that the results of middle ear explorations in our patients in the north of Iran is somehow different from the typical otosclerotic cases, although the frequency of ossicular anomalies is better to be evaluated and compared in different areas of Iran, and other countries. }, keywords = {Anomalies,Incus,Malleus,Middle ear exploration,Otosclerosis,Ossicular fixation,Stapes}, url = {https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_660.html}, eprint = {https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_660_8ce1682b1ca19947a1f79b6df4b86654.pdf} } @article { author = {Khademi, Bijan and Khademi, Behzad and Ghaderi, Abbas and Hosseini, Seyd Fakhroddin and Niknejad, Nika}, title = {Soluble HER-2 in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology}, volume = {25}, number = {3}, pages = {161-167}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)}, issn = {2251-7251}, eissn = {2251-726X}, doi = {10.22038/ijorl.2013.663}, abstract = {Introduction: The presence of HER-2 has been shown to be a prognostic factor in many kinds of cancers, but its role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is not still defined. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the role of HER-2 in HNSCC and its correlation with various clinicopathologic parameters.   Materials and Methods: Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 17 healthy volunteers and 69 patients with HNSCC before curative surgery. The HER-2 level was determined in each sample by sandwich ELISA. Statistical analysis was performed using an independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Mann-Whitney Test.   Results: Mean HER-2 serum levels in patients with HNSCC compared with healthy controls was not statistically significant (3.85ng/ml vs. 3.75ng/ml; P>0.05). The mean serum level of HER-2 was higher in patients with lymph node involvement, metastasis, invasion, tumor size ≥2 cm, and stage>1, although the differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05).   Discussion: Mean HER-2 serum levels in patients with tumor size T3 and higher were greater than those from patients in stage T1 and T2, a finding which may be translated into disease progression, growth and invasiveness.  Conclusion: In this study the mean HER-2 serum level in patients with HNSCC was found statistically insignificant compared with the healthy control group. The role of soluble HER-2 as a tumor marker is still controversial and needs further studies to clarify its clinical  relevance for early detection or screening for HNSCC.}, keywords = {HNSCC,Her-2,EGFR,Tmor marker}, url = {https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_663.html}, eprint = {https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_663_c845de95e638c110cf704955f8680ee5.pdf} } @article { author = {Shahidipour, Zahra and Geshani, Ahmad and Jafari, Zahra and Jalaie, Shohreh and Khosravifard, Elham}, title = {Auditory Memory deficit in Elderly People with Hearing Loss}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology}, volume = {25}, number = {3}, pages = {169-176}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)}, issn = {2251-7251}, eissn = {2251-726X}, doi = {10.22038/ijorl.2013.661}, abstract = {Introduction: Hearing loss is one of the most common problems in elderly people. Functional side effects of hearing loss are various. Due to the fact that hearing loss is the common impairment in elderly people; the importance of its possible effects on auditory memory is undeniable. This study aims to focus on the hearing loss effects on auditory memory.   Materials and Methods: Dichotic Auditory Memory Test (DVMT) was performed on 47 elderly people, aged 60 to 80; that were divided in two groups, the first group consisted of elderly people with hearing range of 24 normal and the second one consisted of 23 elderly people with bilateral symmetrical ranged from mild to moderate Sensorineural hearing loss in the high frequency due to aging in both genders.   Results: Significant difference was observed in DVMT between elderly people with normal hearing and those with hearing loss (P<0.22). According to the correlation test between Pure Tone Average (PTA) and the mean score of DVMT, increasing PTA resulted in reduction of DVMT score and this result was seen in both genders and all of the studied subjects.   Conclusion:  Apart from aging, age-related hearing loss has shown significant effect on auditory verbal memory. This result depicts the importance of auditory intervention to make better communicational skills and therefore auditory memory in this population.}, keywords = {Cognition,Dichotic Auditory Memory Test,Hearing Loss,Memory disorders,Presbycusis}, url = {https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_661.html}, eprint = {https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_661_4b4f527cf72cefcab652819baeba2c0f.pdf} } @article { author = {Rahpeyma, Amin and Khajehahmadi, Saeedeh and Nakhaei, Mohammadreza}, title = {Submental Artery Island Flap in Reconstruction of Harde Plate after wide Surgical Resection of Veruccous Carcinoma. Two case reports}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology}, volume = {25}, number = {3}, pages = {177-181}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)}, issn = {2251-7251}, eissn = {2251-726X}, doi = {10.22038/ijorl.2013.664}, abstract = {Introduction: Reconstruction of intraoral soft tissue defects is important in restoring function and esthetic. In large defects, there will be demand for regional pedicle flaps or free flaps. Hard palate separates nasal and oral cavities. Due to the small surface area between flap and remaining palate after surgical resections, optimal blood supply of the flaps for hard palate reconstructions are needed. This article demonstrates immediate reconstruction of two edentulous hemimaxillectomy patients with submental artery Island flap and brief review of this flap discussed. }, keywords = {Facial artery,Hemimaxillectomy,Surgical flaps}, url = {https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_664.html}, eprint = {https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_664_1ced9403822f09c60eea74a14dcd1970.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohebbi, Saleh and Salehi, Oveis and Ebrahimpoor, Sedighe}, title = {Ectopic Supernumerary Tooth in Nasal Septum: A Case Study}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology}, volume = {25}, number = {3}, pages = {183-186}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)}, issn = {2251-7251}, eissn = {2251-726X}, doi = {10.22038/ijorl.2013.665}, abstract = {Introduction: Nasal teeth eruption is a rare phenomenon. The variability of symptoms and generic history makes the diagnosis difficult. This difficulty is more challenging when the tooth is placed in the depth of septum.   Case Report: Our case is an example of this problem. Herein, we present a case of intraseptal tooth with nasal obstruction and septal deviation and recurrent sinusitis. We present preoperative imaging.   Conclusion: Great suspicion may helpful for preoperative diagnosis and good deciding.}, keywords = {Ectopic teeth,Septal deviation,Supernumerary,tooth}, url = {https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_665.html}, eprint = {https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_665_32328baead90e1de73f77fc04894a309.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdollahifakhim, Shahin and Mousaviagdas, Mehrnoush}, title = {Ectopic Molar with Maxillary Sinus Drainage Obstruction and Oroantral Fistula}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology}, volume = {25}, number = {3}, pages = {187-192}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS)}, issn = {2251-7251}, eissn = {2251-726X}, doi = {10.22038/ijorl.2013.666}, abstract = {Introduction: Ectopic tooth eruption may result owing to one of 3 processes: developmentalDisturbance, iatrogenic activity, or pathologic process, such as a tumor or a cyst. In rare cases, occlusion of the sinus ostia may predispose a patient to develop a maxillary sinus mucocele. When the maxillary sinus is invaded, symptoms usually occur late in the process.   Case report: A 17 years old boy referred to department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery of university of medical sciences, Tabriz_Iran in 2010 with chronic recurrent mucoprulent discharge from retromollar trigone , posterior to right superior alveolar ridge. CT scan revealed a dense mass resembling tooth, obstructing sinus ostium with homogenous opacity with ring enhancement, occupying whole sinus and expanding all walls. A Caldwell Luke approach in combination with endoscopy was selected.   Discussions: In the present patient, removal of ectopic tooth resolved the symptoms completely, the fistula obstructed and discharges discontinued. An ectopic tooth is a rare entity obstructing sinus ostium. The etiology of ectopic eruption has not yet been completely clarified, but many theories have been suggested,including trauma, infection, developmental anomalies and pathologic conditions, such as dentigerous cysts. In summary, although the ectopic teeth is rare but it would be assumed in presence of unilateral symptoms of sinonasal cavity. Therefore in peristant unilateral sinonasal symptoms we should complete examining of this site to rule out rare causes of these symptoms.}, keywords = {Ectopic molar,Maxillary sinus ostia,Oroantral fistulae}, url = {https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_666.html}, eprint = {https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_666_46dd3439333a3317b1511f5c71230f21.pdf} }