<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
			<journal>
			<title>Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology</title>
			<title_fa></title_fa>
			<short_title></short_title>
			<subject>Medical Sciences</subject>
			<web_url>https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/</web_url>
			<journal_hbi_system_id>0</journal_hbi_system_id>
			<journal_hbi_system_user></journal_hbi_system_user>
			<journal_id_issn>2251-7251</journal_id_issn>
			<journal_id_issn_online>2251-726X</journal_id_issn_online>
			<journal_id_pii></journal_id_pii>
			<journal_id_doi></journal_id_doi>
			<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
			<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
			<journal_id_sid></journal_id_sid>
			<journal_id_nlai></journal_id_nlai>
			<journal_id_science></journal_id_science>
			<language>en</language>
			<pubdate>
				<type>jalali</type>
				<year>2024</year>
				<month>11</month>
				<day>1</day>
			</pubdate>
			<pubdate>
				<type>gregorian</type>
				<year>2024</year>
				<month>11</month>
				<day>1</day>
			</pubdate>
			<volume>36</volume>
			<number>6</number>
			<publish_type>online</publish_type>
			<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
			<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
			<articleset><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Risk Factors for Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Introduction:Patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) often experience olfactory dysfunction; however, the relationship between disease duration and comorbidities remains unclear. Materials and Methods:An analytical observational study was conducted at the Endocrinology and Metabolic Polyclinicof the H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan. The study included 66 patients with type 2 DM who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected from medical records, questionnaires, routine ENT examinations, and the Sniffin&#039; Sticks Test (P&lt;0.05). Results:No significant relationship was observed between sex and olfactory function in patients with type 2 DM. However, a significant correlation was observed between age and the olfactory function score         (P = 0.012) as well as between the duration of type 2 DM and the olfactory function score (P= 0.005). There was no significant difference in olfactory function scores between patients with type 2 DM with and without comorbidities. Conclusions:This study revealed that increasing age and the duration of type 2 DM correlated with declining olfactory function. However, no differences were observed in olfactory function between patients with type 2 DM with and without comorbidities. These findings provide additional insights into the factors that influence olfactory function in patients with type 2 DM.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Olfactory Function, Aging, Disease Duration, Comorbidities, Sniffin' Sticks Test</keyword>
				<start_page>655</start_page>
				<end_page>661</end_page>
				<web_url>https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_25128.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Benny Mart</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Sani</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>bennymartsani1903@gmail.com</email>
				<code>110218</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Dr. Mansur No. 5, Medan, 20155, INDONESIA.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Andrina Yunita Murni</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Rambe</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>bennyms.1919@gmail.com</email>
				<code>110219</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Dr. Mansur No. 5, Medan, 20155, INDONESIA</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Ashri</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Yudhistira</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>bennymartsani@rocketmail.com</email>
				<code>110220</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Dr. Mansur No. 5, Medan, 20155, INDONESIA</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Siti</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Nursiah</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>bennymartsani@ymail.com</email>
				<code>110221</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Dr. Mansur No. 5, Medan, 20155, INDONESIA</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>M. Pahala Hanafi</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Harahap</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>martsanibenny@yahoo.com</email>
				<code>110222</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Dr. Mansur No. 5, Medan, 20155, INDONESIA</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Taufik</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Ashar</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>bestteamedan@gmail.com</email>
				<code>110223</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Universitas No. 21, Medan, 20155, INDONESIA</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article>
			</articleset>
			</journal>