<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
			<journal>
			<title>Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology</title>
			<title_fa></title_fa>
			<short_title></short_title>
			<subject>Medical Sciences</subject>
			<web_url>https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/</web_url>
			<journal_hbi_system_id>0</journal_hbi_system_id>
			<journal_hbi_system_user></journal_hbi_system_user>
			<journal_id_issn>2251-7251</journal_id_issn>
			<journal_id_issn_online>2251-726X</journal_id_issn_online>
			<journal_id_pii></journal_id_pii>
			<journal_id_doi></journal_id_doi>
			<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
			<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
			<journal_id_sid></journal_id_sid>
			<journal_id_nlai></journal_id_nlai>
			<journal_id_science></journal_id_science>
			<language>en</language>
			<pubdate>
				<type>jalali</type>
				<year>2026</year>
				<month>7</month>
				<day>1</day>
			</pubdate>
			<pubdate>
				<type>gregorian</type>
				<year>2026</year>
				<month>7</month>
				<day>1</day>
			</pubdate>
			<volume>38</volume>
			<number>4</number>
			<publish_type>online</publish_type>
			<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
			<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
			<articleset><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Blast-Induced Auditory Injury: From Peripheral Pathology to Central Neurodegeneration</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Systematic Review</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Introduction: Blast wave exposure represents a primary cause of complex auditory and neurological injuries. The ear acts as a sensitive pressure transducer, making it exceptionally vulnerable to the intense mechanical forces of a blast. This review provides an overview of the multidimensional damage to the auditory system following blast events.
Materials and Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (January 2000–January 2025) using comprehensive search terms. After screening 462 unique records, 36 original research studies (27 animal, 8 human, 1 computational) met the inclusion criteria and underwent quality assessment.
Results: Evidence suggests that blast exposure causes widespread auditory impairment, ranging from cochlear synaptopathy to central neurodegeneration. Blast-related injuries involve distinct biomechanical forces that differ from conventional noise trauma. Furthermore, cumulative damage from repeated exposures leads to chronic functional impairments, including tinnitus and difficulty understanding speech in noisy environments.
Conclusion: Effective management of blast-induced hearing loss requires a multidisciplinary approach. Future research needs to focus on validating sensitive biomarkers for early diagnosis and developing targeted neuroprotective therapies.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Blast Injuries, Cochlear synaptopathy, Noise-induced, Hearing Loss, Tinnitus, Auditory System</keyword>
				<start_page>209</start_page>
				<end_page>221</end_page>
				<web_url>https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_28035.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Maryam</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Ramezani</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>maryamramezani16@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123224</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Audiology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Seyedeh Nazanin</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Hajjari</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>n.hajjary@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123225</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Assistant Professor, Department of Audiology, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Assessment of results of conchomeatoplasty using subjective and objective parameters in canal wall down mastoidectomy.</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Introduction: Conchomeatoplasty is an important step of canal wall down mastoidectomy performed to promote dry, self-cleaning ear. Various techniques of conchomeatoplasty have been described and each have documented good results. However, a consistent and reliable method of assessing the outcome has not been explored. This study focuses on assessing the results of  radial incision technique of conchomeatoplasty advocated by us using both subjective and objective parameters. 
Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was designed to assess 55  patients of canal wall down mastoidectomy with conchomeatoplasty . Patients  were evaluated for  ear  canal  size at 3 and 6 months post-operatively . Modified chronic ear survey questionnaire where patient &#039;s activity restriction, symptoms and medical resource utilization subscale were noted for subjective outcome. Objective evaluation analysed otoscopic visibility of superior limit, floor of mastoid bowl and sino-dural angle.
Results: Mean size of external auditory meatus at 3 and  6 months were  9.861 mm and 10.145 mm respectively. At 6 months follow up , there was  significant association between visibility of landmarks and size of external auditory canal as well as with the necessity of water restriction. However there was no association of size of ear canal with interference with social activity, frequency or quantity of ear discharge and frequency of physician’s visit.
Conclusion: Using subjective and objective parameters facilitates a consistent and measurable assessment of the outcome of  conchomeatoplasty rather than considering the size of meatoplasty alone. The radial incision technique advocated in the present study gives good postoperative results.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>radial incision conchomeatoplasty, modified chronic ear survey questionnaire, Chronic otitis media, mastoid bowl, Patient Satisfaction, activity restriction</keyword>
				<start_page>223</start_page>
				<end_page>229</end_page>
				<web_url>https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_28033.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Kamalika</first_name>
				<middle_name>P</middle_name>
				<last_name>Roy</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>kamalikaproy16@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123217</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mimer Medical College and Bstr Hospital, Talegaon D, Pune 410507, India.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Santosh</first_name>
				<middle_name>Balasahe</middle_name>
				<last_name>Mane</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>drsantos1110@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123218</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mimer Medical College and Bstr Hospital, Talegaon D, Pune 410507, India.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Poonam</first_name>
				<middle_name>S</middle_name>
				<last_name>Khairnar</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>pk.41086@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123219</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mimer Medical College and Bstr Hospital, Talegaon D, Pune 410507, India.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Mishal</first_name>
				<middle_name>M</middle_name>
				<last_name>Ibji</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>ibjimishal@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123220</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mimer Medical College and Bstr Hospital, Talegaon D, Pune 410507, India.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Devdatt</first_name>
				<middle_name>P</middle_name>
				<last_name>Kotnis</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>ent@mitmimer.com</email>
				<code>123221</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mimer Medical College and Bstr Hospital, Talegaon D, Pune 410507, India.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>The Effects Of Curcumin On Olfactory Dysfunction and Indoxyl Sulphate In Hemodialysis Patients</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Introduction: Neurological abnormalities in uremic conditions are indicated by olfactory impairment in the population with long-term renal disease, which escalates in prevalence with the degree of severity of renal disease. Indoxyl Sulphate is a kind of toxic substance that exacerbates kidney damage. Since it scavenges ROS or reactive oxygen species, curcumin helps prevent disease development and promotes olfactory ensheathing cell growth and viability under normal and hypoxic settings. 
Method: For 12 weeks, 48 patients with stage 5 chronic renal disease receiving regular haemodialysis were split into three groups: the control group, the 500 mg curcumin group, and the 1000 mg curcumin group. Plasma indoxyl Sulphate concentrations and subsequent olfactory function were assessed. The results were compared using bivariate and multivariate analysis. 
Results: The olfactory function delta (p=0.002) and discrimination of olfactory delta (p=0.001) of the 500 mg and 1000 mg curcumin groups differed significantly. The 500 mg curcumin group&#039;s IS levels (p=0.008) and the control group&#039;s (p=0.019) delta IS level (p=0.870) were significantly different from the 1000 mg curcumin olfactory group&#039;s olfactory identification (p=0.006) and delta identification (p=0.618). The olfactory thresholds of the three study groups did not differ significantly (p=0.636). 
Conclusion: Curcumin therapy alleviated olfactory impairment in individuals with chronic renal illness; no increase in indoxyl Sulphate levels was observed, suggesting that curcumin may stabilize the toxin.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Curcumin, indoxyl sulphate, Olfactory dysfunction, chronic kidney disease</keyword>
				<start_page>231</start_page>
				<end_page>239</end_page>
				<web_url>https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_28030.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Irnanda</first_name>
				<middle_name>Warda Rizki</middle_name>
				<last_name>Nasution</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>irnanda.rzk@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123203</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Sumatera Utara, Jl. Dr. Mansur No. 5, Medan, 20155, Indonesia.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Tengku Siti</first_name>
				<middle_name>Hajar</middle_name>
				<last_name>Haryuna</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>tengkusitihajarharyuna@usu.ac.id</email>
				<code>123204</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Sumatera Utara, Jl. Dr. Mansur No. 5, Medan, 20155, Indonesia.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Syafrizal</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Nasution</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>syafizalnst@yahoo.com</email>
				<code>123205</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Sumatera Utara, Jl. Dr. Mansur No. 5, Medan, 20155, Indonesia.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Delfitri</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Munir</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>delfitrimunir@usu.ac.id</email>
				<code>123206</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Sumatera Utara, Jl. Dr. Mansur No. 5, Medan, 20155, Indonesia.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Khalisanni</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Khalid</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>sanni@mardi.gov.my</email>
				<code>123207</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), MARDI Headquatrters, Persiaran MARDI-UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Adjuvant Treatment Strategies for Acute Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis: An In Vitro Evaluation</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Introduction: Acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (AIFR) is a severe condition with high morbidity and mortality, despite established management protocols. Adjuvant therapies may improve disease control. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro antifungal effects of acetic acid (AA) and hydrogen peroxide (HP) on fungi implicated in AIFR.
Materials and Methods: Sinonasal tissue biopsies obtained during endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) from patients with AIFR, fungal ball, or allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) were collected. Biopsies were exposed to 0.25% AA or 1.5% HP for 10 minutes and subsequently cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar. Untreated tissue portions served as controls. Fungal growth was assessed and identified using macroscopic and microscopic characteristics.
Results: Of 48 collected samples, 10 did not grow in any culture medium and were excluded. Among the remaining 38 samples, AA inhibited fungal growth in 7 samples (18.5%), and HP inhibited growth in 3 samples (8%). The majority of isolates were Aspergillus species (87%), with Mucorales representing 5.26%. Two samples demonstrated growth only in AA- or HP-supplemented media, with no growth in standard media. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in growth across the three media.
Conclusion: Although AA and HP exhibited some antifungal activity in vitro, their effects on clinically relevant fungal pathogens, particularly Aspergillus and Mucorales, were limited. Therefore, these compounds may not be suitable as standalone adjuvant therapies for AIFR. Further research is required to explore alternative or combinatorial adjuvant approaches.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis, Acetic acid, Hydrogen peroxide, Mucorales, Aspergillus</keyword>
				<start_page>241</start_page>
				<end_page>246</end_page>
				<web_url>https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_28037.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Ermia</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Mousavi Mohammadi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>ermiamsm@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123233</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Mehdi</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Bakhshaee</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>bakhshaeem@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>123234</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Amir Ashkan</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Mousavi Mohammadi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>cbpmm2@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123235</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Hossein</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Zarrinfar</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>zarrinfarh@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>123236</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Imaneh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Roshanzamir</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>iman_107@yahoo.com</email>
				<code>123272</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Abolfazl</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Zanghaei</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>zanghaeia4031@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>123237</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Sahar</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Nikrooz</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>nikrouzs4022@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>123238</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Comparison of the Mechanical Properties of Nasal Cartilage Preserved in Ethanol at 4°C versus Normal Saline at -18°C for Rhinoplasty Reuse</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Introduction: This study aimed to compare the mechanical properties of nasal cartilage preserved in ethanol at 4 °C versus normal saline at -18 °C, with the goal of assessing their suitability for reuse in subsequent nasal surgeries.
Methods: Twenty nasal septal cartilage samples from patients who had undergone rhinoplasty were preserved for two months using two different methods. Ten cartilages were stored in alcohol at 4 °C, while the remaining ten were stored in normal saline at -18 °C. Additionally, a control group consisting of ten fresh cartilage samples was included for comparison. The mechanical properties (namely Young&#039;s modulus, fracture stress, yield stress, ductility, and tensile strength) were measured using a universal tensile testing machine STM-20 and analyzed to evaluate the effects of the preservation methods.
Results: Significant differences were observed between the groups in mean tensile strength, ductility, Young&#039;s modulus, and yield stress (P]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Nasal cartilage, Rhinoplasty, Secondary rhinoplasty, Mechanical properties</keyword>
				<start_page>247</start_page>
				<end_page>255</end_page>
				<web_url>https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_28032.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Saeid</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Atighechi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>saeidatighechi2015@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123212</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Fatemeh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Jabinian</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>jra@ssu.ac.ir</email>
				<code>123213</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Operating Room and Anesthesiology, School of Allied medical Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Zahra</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Momenramazani</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>zmr20252025@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123214</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Master of Science in Operating Room, Trauma Nursing Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Saeed</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Hasani</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>hasani@yazd.ac.ir</email>
				<code>123215</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Sedighe</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Vaziribozorg</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>s.vaziribozorg1408@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123216</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Association Between Subjective Symptom Severity and Radiologic Involvement in CRSwNP Patients Using SNOT-22 and Lund-Mackay Scores</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Abstract
Introduction:
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a subtype of chronic rhinosinusitis characterized by persistent sinonasal symptoms and significant impact on quality of life. Although both subjective and objective assessment tools are widely used, the relationship between patient-reported symptom severity and radiologic findings remains unclear.
Materials and Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 141 patients diagnosed with CRSwNP were enrolled at Qaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, between 2024 and 2025. Symptom severity was assessed using the validated Persian version of the Sinonasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22), and radiologic severity was evaluated using the Lund-Mackay CT scoring system. The correlation between SNOT-22 and CT scores was analyzed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient.
Results:
The mean SNOT-22 score was 51.00 ± 17.86 and the mean Lund-Mackay score was 17.71 ± 4.76. A moderate positive correlation was observed between SNOT-22 and CT scores (r = 0.347, p &lt; 0.001). Patients with asthma or Samter’s triad (n = 70) had significantly higher SNOT-22 and Lund-Mackay scores than those without (p &lt; 0.001).
Conclusion:
There is a moderate correlation between patient-reported symptom severity and objective radiologic findings in CRSwNP. The presence of asthma or Samter’s triad is associated with greater disease burden. Combining subjective symptom assessment with objective radiologic evaluation is important for comprehensive disease management and personalized treatment planning.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>CRSwNP, SNOT22, Lund-Mackay CT scoring, symptom correlation, CT finding</keyword>
				<start_page>257</start_page>
				<end_page>263</end_page>
				<web_url>https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_28036.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Sahar</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Fereydouni</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>fereydounis4022@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>123226</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Farahzad</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Jabbari-Azad</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>jabbarif@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>123227</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Maryam</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Khoshkhui</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>khoshkhuim@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>123228</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Yaser</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Yadegari</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>yadegariy@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>123229</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences,
Mashhad, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Mehdi</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Bakhshaee</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>bakhshaeem@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>123230</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Sinus and Surgical Endoscopic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Gohar</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Shahmirzadi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>shahmirzadig4031@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>123231</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences,
Mashhad, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Hassan</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Mehrad-Majd</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>mehradmajdh@mums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>123232</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Clinical Research Development Unit, Ghaem Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Navigating The Orbit: Endoscopic Transnasal Transorbital Approach To Orbital Cavernous Hemangiomas</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Case Report</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Introduction: Orbital cavernous hemangiomas are common benign orbital tumors often presenting with slowly progressive proptosis, visual disturbances, or diplopia. Although histologically the lesion is benign in nature, their features such as progressive increase in size of the tumor results in optic nerve compression necessitating surgical removal. Traditional external approaches such as lateral orbitotomy or transcranial surgery are the most commonly employed approaches, but they are associated with higher morbidity, significant tissue disruption and visible scarring. Evolution of Endoscopic Skull Base Surgical Techniques has helped surgeons in designing a cosmetically favourable minimal invasive routes. 

Case Report: Here we report a case of a 69 year old male diagnosed as a case of right orbital cavernous hemangioma who underwent endoscopic transnasal transorbital approach and excision of lesion under neuronavigation guidance.

Conclusion: This case report highlights the growing role of endoscopic transnasal approaches in the management of orbital lesions by providing direct access to medial and infero-medial orbital compartments.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Navigation, Transnasal, Transorbital, Cavernous Hemangiomas, Orbital Lesions</keyword>
				<start_page>265</start_page>
				<end_page>270</end_page>
				<web_url>https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_28031.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Vineeth</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Viswam</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>drvineethviswam@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123208</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Aster Medcity, Cochin, Kerala, India.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Sreelakshmi</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Muraleedharan</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>sreelakshmimuraly@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123209</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Aster Medcity, Cochin, Kerala, India.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Shyam</first_name>
				<middle_name>Sundar</middle_name>
				<last_name>Sreedhar</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>shyam.sundar@asterhospital.in</email>
				<code>123210</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, Aster Medcity, Cochin, Kerala, India.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Amala</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Salil</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>dramalasalil@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123211</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Aster Medcity, Cochin, Kerala, India.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the external auditory canal with extensive local extension: A case report and literature review</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Case Report</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Introduction:
Lymphoma is the second most frequent type of malignancy in the head and neck region after squamous cell carcinoma, but the external auditory canal (EAC) is an extremely rare primary site, with only 13 cases reported worldwide to date.

Case report:
We report the case of a middle‑aged woman who presented with a four‑month history of right EAC swelling, reduced hearing and intermittent otalgia. Over the following two months, she developed right preauricular and cervical swelling. Radiological evaluation revealed an enhancing mass at the right EAC with extensive local extension. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the diagnosis of lymphoma. In this case, determination of the primary site is challenging due to the extensive involvement of multiple adjacent structures. However, we believed the EAC is the most probable primary site, given that EAC swelling was the initial presenting symptom, although this cannot be established with certainty.

Conclusion: 
The diagnosis of EAC lymphoma is challenging due to the rarity of the disease, non-specific clinical presentation, commonly misdiagnosis as a benign lesion or infection at initial presentation and difficulty in getting appropriate amounts of biopsy sample for histopathology examination and immunohistochemistry studies. In addition, extensive involvement of surrounding structures at the time of presentation may hinder accurate identification of the primary site. There is no well-established consensus on treatment guidelines, while prognosis primarily determined by the lymphoma subtype, its clinical behaviour, the presence of B symptoms, and final staging.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>External auditory canal, Lymphoma, chemotherapy</keyword>
				<start_page>281</start_page>
				<end_page>287</end_page>
				<web_url>https://ijorl.mums.ac.ir/article_28034.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>V Sha Kri</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Eh Dam</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>kridamrong@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123222</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head &amp; Neck Surgery, Hospital Lahad Datu, Peti Surat 60065, 91110 Lahad Datu, Sabah, Malaysia.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Sen Lin</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Lee</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>lsl@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123223</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Pathology, Hospital Queen Elizabeth 1, Karung Berkunci No. 2029, 88586 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article>
			</articleset>
			</journal>