Acoustic Sensitivity of the Saccule and Daf Music

Emami, Seyede Faranak

doi:10.22038/ijorl.2014.2330

Acoustic Sensitivity of the Saccule and Daf Music

Document Type : Original

Author

Seyede Faranak Emami

Department of Audiology, faculty of Rehabilitation, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. Hamadan, Iran.

10.22038/ijorl.2014.2330

Abstract

Introduction:

The daf is a large Persian frame drum used as a musical instrument in both popular and classical music which can induce a percussive sound at low frequencies (146–290 Hz) with peaks of up to 130 dB_spl. The percussive sounds have a power distribution in the region of saccular sensitivity. In view of the saccular stimulation by sound in humans, we decided to use cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs) to evaluate the possibility that the daf music may have a disturbing effect on saccular function.

Materials and Methods:

During this case-control study, 18 daf musicians were compared with 20 healthy individuals evaluated in the audiology department of the Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. Assessment consisted of pure tone audiometry, tympanometry, and cVEMPs.

Results:

Multiple comparisons of mean the cVEMPs and mean hearing loss at 250 Hz among the three groups (affected, unaffected, and normal ears) were significant. There were no significant differences between all daf players on high-tone loss at 3000 Hz. The daf musicians had bilateral unsymmetrical sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), with hearing loss at 250 Hz (low-tone loss) and notched audiogram at 3000 Hz (high-tone loss). Eleven musicians with decreased vestibular excitability as detected by abnormal cVEMPs had mild (26–40 dBHL) low-tone loss and significant abnormal cVEMPs findings. In contrast, the others had slight (16–25 dBHL) low-tone loss with normal cVEMPs. Exposure to daf music is related to both saccular and cochlear dysfunction.

Conclusion:

Exposure to daf music is related to both saccular and cochlear dysfunction.

Keywords

References

1.Trainor LJ, Gao X, Lei JJ, Lehtovaara K, Harris LR. The primal role of the vestibular system in determining musical rhythm. Cortex. 2009; 45(1): 35–43.

2. Phillips-Silver J, Trainor LJ. Vestibular influence on auditory metrical interpretation. Brain Cogn. 2008; 67(1): 94–102.

3.Phillips-Silver J, Trainor LJ. Feeling the beat: movement influences infant rhythm perception. Science. 2005; 308(5727): 1430.

4.Miyamoto T, Fukushima K, Takada T, de Waele C, Vidal PP. Saccular stimulation of the human cortex: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Neurosci Lett. 2007; 423 (1): 68–72.

5. Rosengren SM, Welgampola MS, Colebatch JG. Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials: Past, present and future. Clin Neurophysiol 2010; 121(5): 636–651.

6. Murofushi TKK. Sound Sensitivity of The Vestibular End-Organs and Sound-Evoked Vestibulocollic Reflexes In Mammals. Murofushi T KK, Kaga K. Japan. Nikkei Printing Inc. Springer Press. 2009: 20–25.

7. Hall III JW. Electrically evoked and myogenic responses. In: Hall III JW, Dragin SD, Heimsoth K, Sweeney J, editors. New handbook of auditory evoked responses. Boston; Pearson Education, Inc, 2007. 602–13.

8. Todd N M, cody FW. Vestibular responses to loud dance music: A physiological basis of the rock and roll threshold?. Acoust. Soc. Am. 2000; 107(1): 496–500.

9. Harrell, RW. Pure tone evaluation. In: Katz J, ed. Issues in Hand Book of Clinical Audiology. Six ed. USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2002; (5): 71–88.

10. Fowllff CG, Shanks EG. Tmpanometry. In: Katz J, Ed In: Katz J, ed. Issues in Hand Book of Clinical Audiology. Six ed. USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2002; (5):175–204.

11. Jacobson GP and mccaslin DL. The Vestibular-Evoked Myogenic Potential and Other Sonomotor Evoked Potentials. Auditory Evoked Potentials Basic Principles and Clinical Application. USA. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2007; 8(27): 572–98.

12. Emami SF, DaneshiA.Vestibular Hearing and neural synchronization. ISRN Otolaryngology. 2012. (Persian).

13. Emami SF, Purbakht A, Sheykholeslāmi K, Kammali M, Behnoud F and Daneshi A. Vestibular Hearing and Speech Processing. ISRN Otolaryngology. 2012. (Persian).

14.Todd NP, Cody FW. Vestibular responses to loud dance music: a physiological basis of the "rock and roll threshold"? Acoust Soc Am. 2000;107(1): 496–500.

15.Trivelli M, Potena M, Frari V, Petitti T, Deidda V, Salvinelli F. Compensatory role of saccule in deaf children and adults: Novel Hypotheses. 2013; 80(1): 43–6.

16.Perez R, Freeman S, Cohen D, Sohmer H. Functional impairment of the vestibular end organ resulting from impulse noise exposure. Laryngoscope. 2002; 112(6): 110–4.

17. Kumar K, Vivarthini CJ, Bhat JS. Vestibular-evoked myogenic potential in noise-induced hearing loss.Noise Health. 2010; 12(48): 191–4.

18.Wang YP, Young YH. Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials in chronic noise-induced hearing loss. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007; 137(4): 607–11.

19.Kujala T, Brattico E. Detrimental noise effects on brain's speech functions. Biol Psychol. 2009; 81(3): 135–43.

20. Sazgar AA, Dortaj V, Akrami K, Akrami S, KarimiYazdi AR. Saccular damage in patients with high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2006; 263(7): 608–13. Epub 2006 Apr 20. (Persian).

21. Wang YP, Hsu WC, Young YH. Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials in acute acoustic trauma. Otol Neurotol. 2006; 27(7): 956–61.

22. Emami SF, Purbakht A, Daneshi A, Sheykholeslāmi K, Emamjome H, Kammali M,. Sound sensitivity of the saccule for low frequencies in healthy adults. ISRN Otolaryngology. 2013. (Persian).

23. Emami SF. Is all human hearing cochlear?. The Scientific World Journal. 2013. (Persian).