Risk Factors for Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Document Type : Original

Authors

1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Dr. Mansur No. 5, Medan, 20155, INDONESIA.

2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Dr. Mansur No. 5, Medan, 20155, INDONESIA

3 Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Universitas No. 21, Medan, 20155, INDONESIA

Abstract

Introduction:
Patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) often experience olfactory dysfunction; however, the relationship between disease duration and comorbidities remains unclear.
 
Materials and Methods:
An analytical observational study was conducted at the Endocrinology and Metabolic Polyclinicof the H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan. The study included 66 patients with type 2 DM who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected from medical records, questionnaires, routine ENT examinations, and the Sniffin' Sticks Test (P<0.05).
 
Results:
No significant relationship was observed between sex and olfactory function in patients with type 2 DM. However, a significant correlation was observed between age and the olfactory function score         (P = 0.012) as well as between the duration of type 2 DM and the olfactory function score (P= 0.005). There was no significant difference in olfactory function scores between patients with type 2 DM with and without comorbidities.
 
Conclusions:
This study revealed that increasing age and the duration of type 2 DM correlated with declining olfactory function. However, no differences were observed in olfactory function between patients with type 2 DM with and without comorbidities. These findings provide additional insights into the factors that influence olfactory function in patients with type 2 DM.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
Volume 36, Issue 6
November and December 2024
Pages 655-661

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