Predictors of Olfactory Impairment among Northern Iranian Population

Document Type : Original

Authors

1 Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.

2 Guilan Legal Medicine Organization, Rasht, Iran.

Abstract

Introduction:
The performance in most smell identification tests is subjected to cultural variations. This study aimed to evaluate age, gender, and smoking-related effects on the test performance in the North of Iran.
 
Materials and Methods:
The olfactory function of 1470 eligible subjects was assessed in this study. Moreover, this study evaluated the influence of age, gender, and education on the test scores.
 
Results:
According to the results, females obtained higher mean test scores, compared to males (18.4 vs. 17.6). In general, the elderly obtained lower scores, and about 30% of the subjects who were ≥65 years of age had severe hyposmia or anosmia. Furthermore, the olfactory impairment frequency in smoker subjects was significantly more than non-smokers (P<0.001). Test scores were generally higher in subjects with higher education levels. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the total number of cigarette doses in smokers and age had a significant association with olfactory dysfunction (P value <0.001 and 0.004, respectively). Cronbach’s α of Iran-SIT was obtained at 0.78 which was more than an acceptable value of 0.7.
 
Conclusion:
The findings of this study revealed that a low score in the Iran-SIT correlated with smoking, older age, low education level, and gender (male).

Keywords

References

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Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
Volume 32, Issue 5 - Serial Number 112
September and October 2020
Pages 271-279

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